The Düsseldorf Robert Schumann Research Institute, which is involved in the Collected Works of Schumann and is supported by the Academies programme, had the entire Krakow letters inventory, the so-called »Correspondence«, filmed; it also secured the rights to their publication, made transcripts of these 5,500 letters and entered them into databases. In addition, all the discovered letters of Schumann have been entered into a database and the handwritten index, housed in Zwickau, of the circa 2,400 letters posted by Schumann has been transcribed in its entirety. All of this groundwork, including a keyworded literature database, was made available to the Zwickau Letters Project by the Düsseldorf Schumann Research Institute. Also, the commentary on the letters' text has been and continues to be supported by the Düsseldorf Research Institute.

The Robert Schumann House in Zwickau houses Schumann's own handwritten letter indexes in which he carefully listed letters written and received by him, often with a note as to their contents. The world's largest collection of letters by Robert and Clara Schumann is also to be found in the Zwickau archive: just under 300 letters by Robert and more than 2,000 letters by Clara Schumann.

Indeed, the first Schumann biography by Wilhelm Joseph von Wasielewski in 1858 featured 70 letters by Robert Schumann from the years 1833-1854 in a separate appendix. By 1904 other important editions had appeared, some supervised by Clara Schumann herself or commissioned by her: Jugendbriefe, ed. by Clara Schumann. Leipzig 1885, 4th [edited] edition 1910; Briefe. Neue Folge, ed. by Gustav F. Jansen. Leipzig 1886, 2nd [substantially altered] edition 1904; Hermann Erler, Robert Schumanns Leben aus seinen Briefen geschildert. Berlin 1886. However, they offer only a fraction of the inventory of letters verifiable today, and the letter texts are sometimes reproduced in abridged form. Curiously, the most comprehensive edition of Schumann letters published thus far, with some 1,100 letters, is a Russian translation of the now deceased Moscow musicologist Daniel W. Shitomirski. More recent German-language editions which obey modern editing principles were dedicated to the letters contained in individual collections, such as those of the Bonn University Library (ed. by Siegfried Kross, Bonn 1978/exp. 1982) and the Bonn City Archive (ed. by Thomas Synofzik, Bonn 1993).

An edition begun in 1984 by of the correspondence between Robert and Clara Schumann (ed. by Eva Weisweiler Vol. 1: 1984, Vol. 2: 1987, Vol. 3: 2001) remains a fragment. Single examples of Clara Schumann's correspondence have appeared separately. Against this backdrop, and on the basis of the groundwork made by the Schumann Research Institute Düsseldorf and with that organisation's support, in Zwickau in September 1996 a department entitled Schumann Letters Edition began work on gaining a deeper understanding of Schumann's biography and his relationships with his contemporaries by developing and publicizing the inventory of letters. Because the conscious decision was made to create an edition in which letters to Schumann are also included, the project is of fundamental importance to all of the musical and cultural history of the 19th century.

Initially funded by the Project Sponsorship of the Saxon State Ministry for Science and Art, the project was first attached to the Chair of Musicology at the Technical University of Chemnitz.

After this department was disbanded, the Zwickau project was supported for a while by the Volkswagen Foundation, but then lay fallow for many years. In cooperation with the Dresden Academy of Music, work was restarted as a DFG Project in October 2005 whereby firstly Schumann's correspondence with his publishers is to be presented within two years. It was precisely the publishers' letters that were so often abridged in the decisive business passages of the editions of letters published around 1900 because they did not conform to the image of the idealized Romantic composer. The Schumann Letters Edition is published by the publishing house Christoph Dohr, D-Bergheim.